With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the safety and stability of power batteries have become the focus of the industry, and the thermal management system is the core to ensure the normal operation of the battery. Cartridge heaters, with their compact structure, fast thermal response and precise temperature control, are gradually applied to the low-temperature heating link of new energy vehicle power batteries, solving the problem of battery performance degradation in low-temperature environments.
In low-temperature environments in winter, the activity of lithium-ion batteries drops sharply, the charging and discharging efficiency decreases, the cruising range of electric vehicles is shortened, and even the battery life is damaged. The power battery thermal management system needs to heat the battery pack to the optimal working temperature (15-35°C) quickly and evenly before the vehicle starts and during operation, and the cartridge heater is an ideal heat source for this system. Its small size can be easily embedded in the battery pack cooling plate or module gap, without occupying too much space, adapting to the compact layout requirements of new energy vehicle components.
The cartridge heater used in new energy vehicle batteries has strict performance requirements. First of all, it has excellent low-temperature resistance, can start normally in an environment of -40°C, and quickly rise to the set temperature. Secondly, the temperature uniformity is good, to avoid local overheating of the battery pack, ensuring that the temperature difference of each battery cell is controlled within 2°C, preventing thermal runaway and improving battery safety. In addition, the heater has good seismic performance, can adapt to the vibration environment during vehicle driving, and the sealing performance reaches IP67, waterproof and dustproof, adapting to the complex operating environment of vehicles.
In the battery thermal management system, the cartridge heater is usually combined with a heat pipe and a temperature sensor to form an intelligent heating system. The heat pipe quickly transfers the heat generated by the heater to each part of the battery pack, realizing uniform heating; the temperature sensor monitors the battery temperature in real time, feeds back to the vehicle controller, and automatically adjusts the heating power of the cartridge heater to achieve constant temperature control. This intelligent heating mode not only ensures the normal operation of the battery in low temperature but also reduces energy consumption and improves the overall cruising range of the vehicle.
In addition to power battery heating, cartridge heaters are also used in charging piles and on-board chargers of new energy vehicles to prevent internal components from being affected by low temperature and ensure the stability of charging equipment. With the continuous expansion of the new energy vehicle market and the improvement of technical requirements, the demand for special cartridge heaters for vehicles is increasing. Manufacturers are also optimizing materials and structures, developing lighter, more efficient and safer automotive-grade cartridge heaters to meet the needs of the industry's high-quality development.
